Course 448: Advanced Receiver Processing of GNSS Signals

Instructors	Dr. John Betz, The MITRE Corporation
Objectives	To provide a strong foundation in the engineering of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals, receiver processing and system configurations, especially for high-performance applications. To provide a structured view of current and future GNSS signals and to evaluate the signal processing performance of receivers. To describe techniques for the receiver processing of current and future GNSS signals, showing features, capabilities, trade-offs and limitations. To assist the attendee in developing skills for assessing receiver processing methods and performance for both current and future GNSS signals and systems.
Prerequisites	Attendees should have familiarity with the fundamentals of GPS, such as presented in Course 122 or equivalent, along with previous exposure to basic signal processing techniques and terminology, as presented in Course 356 or equivalent. General familiarity with engineering mathematics is desirable.
Who Should Attend?	This course is intended for scientists and engineers seeking to develop expertise in the characteristics, features and processing of current and planned signals from GPS and other GNSS systems. The course will substantially benefit both those who need to understand the details and rationale of advanced signal receiver processing and those who need to produce quantitative assessments of receivers and their signal processing performance.
Course Schedule	DAY 1 Dr. John Betz, MITRE
	8:30 – Overview of GNSS & GNSS Signals Overview of GNSS fundamentals Characteristics of GNSS signals 9:45 - GNSS Signals I: Tools for Representing and Analyzing Signals, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum & GNSS Spreading Modulations Mathematics of signal representation, analysis, correlation processing, and power spectral densities GNSS spreading modulations, including BPSK-R and BOC with sine phasing and cosine phasing Signal multiplexing 11:00 - GNSS Signals II: Structure of GNSS Signals Pilot and data components Data message channel encoding, interleaving, and modulation Summary and discussion of Day 1 Morning Review questions for Day 1 Morning 12:00 - Lunch on your own 1:30 – Present and Future Global Navigation Satellite Systems Global Positioning System (GPS) GPS Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) of the Russian Federation GALILEO European Navigation Satellite System Quazi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) of Japan Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) COMPASS: China’s Navigation Satellite System 2:45 - GNSS System Engineering I: Link Budgets and Effective C/N0 Link budgets for different GNSS configurations Effective carrier power to noise density (C/N0) considerations 4:00 - GNSS System Engineering II: Error Budgets Space segment Control segment Receiver segment Propagation effects Summary and discussion of Day 1 Afternoon Review questions for Day 1 Afternoon 5:30 Day 1 ends
	DAY 2 Dr. Betz
	8:30 - Review of Day 1 Day 1 Review Questions and Answers Day 1 Discussion 9:45 - GPS Signals: Part 1 Coarse/Acquisition (C/A)-code signal Precision/encrypted (P/Y)-code signal L2C signal 11:00 - GPS Signals: Part 2 Military (M)-code signals L5 signals L1C signals Summary of GPS signals GPS SBAS signals Summary and discussion of Day 2 Morning Review questions for Day 2 Morning 12:00 - Lunch on your own 1:30 - GLONASS Signals GLONASS Standard Accuracy signals GLONASS High Accuracy signals Summary of GLONASS signals 2:45 - Galileo Signals: Part 1 Overview of planned GALILEO services L1 Open signals L1 Public regulated service signals E6 commercial service signals 4:00 - Galileo Signals: Part 2 E6 Public Regulated Service signals E5 signals Summary of GALILEO Signal Characteristics Summary and discussion of Day 2 Afternoon Review questions for Day 2 Afternoon 5:30 - Day 2 ends
	DAY 3 Dr. Betz
	8:30 - Review of Day 2 Day 2 questions and answers Day 2 discussion QZSS Signals L1 signals E6 signals L5 signals Summary of QZSS signals 9:45 - Receiver Processing Overview Receiver processing introduction Receiver front-end considerations [antennas, radio frequency (RF), intermediate frequency (IF), and bandlimiting, sampling and quantization (BSQ)] Receiver front end processing losses due to BSQ Challenges and trends 11:00 - Initial Synchronization Processing Signal acquisition overview Initial receiver states for acquisition Initial synchronization processing for different spreading modulations Signal acquisition performance prediction Summary & discussion of Day 3 Mor. Review questions for Day 3 Morning 12:00 - Lunch on your own 1:30 - Signal Tracking and Loop Filters Signal tracking overview Digital loop filter design and performance 2:45 - Code Tracking RMS bandwidth Code tracking discriminators and S-curves for different modulations Code tracking accuracy Code tracking loss of lock 4:00 - Carrier Tracking Frequency-locked loops Costas loops Phase-locked loops Carrier tracking accuracy Carrier tracking loss of lock Summary and discussion of Day 3 Afternoon Review questions for Day 3 Afternoon 5:30 - Day 3 ends
	DAY 4 Dr. Betz
	8:30 – Review of Day 3 Day 3 questions and answers Day 3 discussion 9:45 - Data Demodulation and PVT Calculation Data demodulation and decoding De-interleaving Position, Velocity, Time (PVT) calculation Summary of receiver processing 11:00 - Recovering and Using Signal Components Time-multiplexed pilot and data components Phase-multiplexed pilot and data components Galileo E1 signal Galileo E5 signal 12:00 - Lunch on your own 1:30 – Case Study: Receiver Processing of Galileo E1 OS and GPS L1C Signals Initial synchronization processing Code tracking Carrier tracking Data message processing 2:45 - Interference and Multipath Interference characteristics Interference effects on receiver front ends Interference effects on signal acquisition, carrier tracking, data demodulation Interference effects on code tracking for different modulations Multipath characteristics Multipath effects on code tracking for different modulations Multipath effects on carrier tracking System-level mitigations of multipath Introduction to multipath mitigation processing: narrow correlators, double-delta processing 4:00 - Advanced Processing Techniques Estimating carrier power to noise spectral density; C/N0 Estimating interference power to signal power levels; I/S Data wipeoff Vector processing Coherent multi-signal processing Block processing Review and Discussion Brief review of course. Discussion of GNSS technology directions, concerns and needs. 5:30 - Course end
Materials You Will Keep	• A USB Drive with PDF electronic course notes used during the course. Bringing a laptop is highly recommended; power access will be provided.
Continuing Education Units	2.4 (24 hours)