8:30 - 12:00, Monday, String 7
710: Precise Time — Its Measurement and Applications

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Time is fundamental to GPS and all navigation systems. We will discuss various measures of time, significant relativistic effects, and how UTC and GPS Time are computed. We will also describe how modern clocks are characterized, how timescales are generated, and different ways to use GPS as a time source or as a means of time transfer.

Dr. Demetrios Matsakis

Pictorial Representation of Timekeeping Math:
• Time and frequency fundamentals
• Noise Types: White noise, Flicker noise, Random walk
Clock Statistics and Measures of Stability
• Allan deviation
• Modified Allan deviation
• Other statistics

Generation of Timescales
• International Atomic Time
• Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
• Clock steering
• Generation of GPS Time

Time Transfer Methods
• Telephones, modems, Loran
• Internet and NTP
• WAAS
• TWSTT
Time Transfer with GPS and Performance
• Direct access
• Common view
• Carrier phase
Summary and Conclusions
• GPS frequency and time users
• Predictions for the future

Parade of Clocks - Advancements in Timekeeping Technology
• Stonehenge
• Sundials
• Mechanical clocks
• Pendulum clocks
• Quartz clocks
• Atomic beam clocks
• Atomic Fountains
• Trapped ion clocks
• Optical combs

Level: Basic knowledge of GPS is assumed, but not required. For engineers, scientists, and anyone interested in timing.